Research explores birds’ genetic immunity to avian influenza
The U.S. poultry industry faces ongoing economic pressure from highly pathogenic avian influenza. A new research initiative seeks to change how farmers manage this risk by looking at the genetics of the birds themselves rather than relying solely on traditional biosecurity.
The Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research, Iowa State University, and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization are committing $300,000 to this project. The goal is to identify specific genes that influence a bird's immune response to H5N1 and H7N9 viruses. By understanding these internal pathways, researchers hope to move toward host-directed interventions.
Dr. Joaquin Caceres of Iowa State University notes that viruses often find ways to circumvent standard vaccines as they evolve. Host-directed methods offer a more stable approach because genetic pathways within the birds do not shift as quickly as viral genomes. This research aims to provide farmers with long-term protection options that do not depend entirely on external treatments.
These findings could change future breeding practices by identifying birds with higher natural resistance. This is part of a broader USDA-supported priority to increase profitability and stability for agricultural producers. The project is funded through the Rapid Outcomes from Agricultural Research program, which targets emerging threats to the food supply.