Russia is pushing forward with its own space-based Internet network, known as Rassvet. Managed by Bureau 1440, the project aims to replicate the connectivity advantages that Starlink currently provides to Ukrainian forces. With multiple satellite launches already completed, the Kremlin intends to put hundreds of these assets into orbit by next year. President Vladimir Putin has cited the system as a priority for military operations, suggesting that troops will see these communications capabilities reach the front lines soon.
Space systems engineer Ian Muirhead notes that low Earth orbit constellations are now necessary for modern military operations because they provide the high data capacity that older, high-altitude satellite systems lack. While Rassvet will provide Russian forces with a meaningful upgrade in command and control, experts argue it faces significant hurdles. Unlike Starlink, which relies on a vast network of over 10,000 satellites, Russia has limited launch capacity, likely slowing its path to full coverage compared to its Western and Chinese counterparts.
Beyond technical capacity, the system faces a geographic and strategic vulnerability. Starlink operates through ground stations located in NATO territories like Poland, Lithuania, and Turkey, which remain outside the reach of Russian kinetic strikes. Conversely, any ground stations supporting the Rassvet network will be located within Russian territory. These stations function as large, detectable signal hubs that are difficult to hide.
Ukrainian officials and military analysts believe these ground stations will become prime targets for long-range drone strikes. Even if Russia positions its infrastructure deep within its own borders, Ukraine has proven capable of reaching distant targets. As Bureau 1440 continues its rollout, the network will likely be tested not just by its ability to maintain signals, but by its ability to survive direct attacks on its underlying terrestrial support infrastructure.